Sel’skokhozyaistvennaya Biologiya [Agricultural Biology], 2018, Vol. 53, ¹ 4, p. 769-778.
(how to cite this article)

doi: 10.15389/agrobiology.2018.4.769eng

UDC 639.3.03:639.32

Acknowledgements:
The authors would like to thank Yu.N. Bulyakulova (Glavrybvod Northwest branch) and D.A. Yanbukhtin (the Department of Aquatic Bioresources and Aquaculture, SPbSAU) for assistance in the work.

 

DEVELOPING THE BIOTECH METHOD FOR EFFECTIVE
REPRODUCTION OF VALUABLE FISH SPECIES POPULATIONS

P.E. Garlov, N.I. Belik, N.B. Rybalova, B.S. Bugrimov

St. Petersburg State Agrarian University, 2, Peterburgskoe sh., St. Petersburg—Pushkin, 196601 Russia, e-mail garlov@mail.ru,
biotech@spbgau, nikolaybelik@yandex.ru (✉ corresponding author), wba2009@list.ru

ORCID:
Garlov P.E. orcid.org/0000-0001-6041-3382
Belik N.I. orcid.org/0000-0001-7082-0619
Rybalova N.B. orcid.org/0000-0001-5545-6898
Bugrimov B.S. orcid.org/0000-0001-5955-9587
The authors declare no conflict of interests

Received July 2, 2017

 

Artificial reproduction of sturgeons and salmonids has shortcomings resulting in a return of commercially raised breeders. These disadvantages primarily are the catch of Atlantic salmon producers in spawning beds, which causes detriment of natural reproduction, and low survival rate of farmed juveniles in nature. In order to increase the efficiency of commercial fish reproduction, we suggest the new methods which are based on fish-specific adaptations during marine feeding period, providing the greatest population productivity and survival. Our objective was the development of a biotechnology for effective farm reproduction of salmon Salmo salar (Linne, 1758) and sturgeon Acipenser stellatus (Pallas, 1771). First, three main effects have been experimentally established for commercial fish culture in brackish seawater close to critical salinity (4-8 ‰): the highest survival rate, prolongation of high reproductive quality of breeders, and acceleration of juvenile development and growth. Physio-biochemical analysis showed the minimal losses of hemoglobin and serum protein in critical salinity medium, with maximum retention of salts in the blood and in ovarian fluids, apparently by optimizing water-salt balance of the body. The latter is achieved through optimal osmotic gradient between the inner and outer media close to critical salinity limits values. This energy-saving gradient ensures water-salt metabolism and homeostasis of the internal medium and thus the external medium (critical salinity) provides bio-stimulating effect that increases the body resistance. The maintenance of fish brood stocks in the critical range of seawater salinity (3.07-8 ‰) until puberty of producers is proposed by us as an effective method of reproducing populations of Sevruga and Baltic salmon. Then, the breeders naturally matured under specific range of the seawater salinity below a 3.06 ‰ threshold are used to obtain mature sex products. Fertilized eggs are incubated in fish-farm in river water where then larvae and juveniles grow. When recruits sign of readiness to migrate they are placed in seawater salinity 2.5-7 ‰ close to critical range and grow to viable stages. Results of comparative industrial tests of the new biotech reproduction of sturgeon and salmonids in sturgeon and salmon fish farms and in marine cages have shown the effectiveness and advantages of this method which allows preservation of high breeding quality Sevruga producers up to 100 %, and a 5-7-fold growth enhancement of young salmon. This new method can help solving the common problems of rare and endangered populations of commercial fish species restoration, which is in line with a fish farming trend of Conservation Aquaculture aimed at restoring natural environment.

Keywords: fish artificial reproduction, Acipenser stellatus, Salmo salar, Baltic population, Rutilus rutilus caspicus, fish farming, factory sturgeon and salmonids tech breeding, fish farming in brackish sea water.

 

Full article (Rus)

Full article (Eng)

 

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