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Sel’skokhozyaistvennaya Biologiya [Agricultural Biology], 2019, Vol. 54, № 2, p. 280-290.
(how to cite this article)

doi: 10.15389/agrobiology.2019.2.280eng

UDC: 636.52/.58:636.084.416:579.6

Acknowledgements:
Supported financially by Russian Science Foundation, grant 16-16-04089 “Physiological and microbiological study of embryonic and postembryonic digestion in meat chickens to create feeding technologies for ensuring poultry genetic potential realization”.

 

POULTRY DIETS WITHOUT ANTOBIOTICS. I. INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA AND PERFORMANCE OF BROILER (Gallus gallus L.) BREEDERS FED DIETS WITH ENTEROSORBENT POSSESSING PHYTOBIOTIC AND PROBIOTIC EFFECTS

I.A. Egorov1, T.N. Lenkova1, V.A. Manukyan1, T.A. Egorova1,
I.N. Nikonov1, L.A. Ilina2, G.Yu. Laptev2

1Federal Scientific Center All-Russian Research and Technological Poultry Institute RAS, 10, ul. Ptitsegradskaya, Sergiev Posad, Moscow Province, 141311 Russia, e-mail olga@vnitip.ru, dissovet@vnitip.ru (✉ corresponding author), manukyan@vnitip.ru, eta164@mail.ru, ilnikonov@yandex.ru;
2JSC «Biotrof+», 19 korp. 1, Zagrebskii bulv., St. Petersburg, 192284 Russia, e-mail ilina@biotrof.ru, laptev@biotrof.ru

ORCID:
Egorov I.A. orcid.org/0000-0001-9122-9553
Lenkova T.N. orcid.org/0000-0001-8026-3983
Manukyan V.A. orcid.org/0000-0003-4564-4427
Egorova T.A. orcid.org/0000-0002-5102-2248
Nikonov I.N. orcid.org/0000-0001-9495-0178
Ilina L.A. orcid.org/0000-0003-2490-6942
Laptev G.Yu. orcid.org/0000-0002-8795-6659

Received November 5, 2017

 

Recent trend of rejection of the in-feed antibiotics in animal and poultry production launched the search for reliable alternative growth stimulators, primarily probiotics, or phytobiotics (most commonly essential oils) rendering antimicrobial and antioxidant properties to improve the digestibility of dietary nutrients, suppress the growth of pathogens, etc. Another important problem is the contamination of feeds with mycotoxins which can negatively impact the productive performance in poultry. The growth efficiency and composition of intestinal microbiota were studied in growing broiler (Gallus gallus L.) breeders of preparental lines B5 and B9 (selected at the Center for Genetic Selection “Smena”, Moscow Province) fed vegetable diets supplemented with complex preparation Zaslon 2+ (JSC Biotrof+, Russia), containing an intestinal adsorbent, a mixture of essential oils, and a strain of Bacillus sp. (105 CFU/g). Zootechnical and physiological experiments were carried out in in 2017 (Smena Center, Zagorsk EPH, Sergiev Posad, Moscow Province). Control poultry fed the same vegetable diets with dietary antibiotics Bacitracin 30 (42 U/mg, a dosage of 100 g/t). Test and control groups contained 50 birds each. There were no significant differences between the control and experimental treatments in live bodyweight at 21 weeks of age: 3168 g in males and 2317 g in females in B5 line (vs. 3171 and 2307 g in control), 2592 and 1930 g in B9 line (vs. 2574 and 1924 g in control), in the development of the reproductive organs (testicles in males, ovary and oviduct in females), and in the digestibility of dietary nutrients. In the duodenal microbiota from 18 to 110 bacterial phylotypes, with statistically significant differences from control for several taxonomic groups (p < 0.05), were found using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis. The calculated indices revealed taxonomic diversity and complexity of the intestinal bacterial communities in both control treatments (B5 and B9); in both experimental treatments more unidentified bacterial phylotypes were found in compare to the respective control treatments. An increase in the number of bacteria of the Bacillaceae and cellulolytic bacteria of the Clostridiaceae in the duodenum of the B9 line birds and an increase in the number of bacteria of the genus Bifidobacterium and the order Bacteroidales, along with a decrease in genus Campylobacter counts, in the duodenum of the B5 line birds occurred as a result of administration of the Zaslon 2+ preparation. Therefore, an increase in the number of bacteria in these groups and a decrease in the proportion of pathogenic microorganisms may indicate correction of dysbiotic disorders in the intestines of birds.

Keywords: preparental lines, broiler chicken, phytobiotics, intestinal adsorbent, live bodyweight, intestinal microbiota.

 

 

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