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Kuznetsova I.G., Guro P.V., Sazanova А.L., E.A. Sekste, O.S. Yuzikhin, N.Yu. Tikhomirova, А.А. Belimov, V.I. Safronova, D.S. Karlov Symbiotic efficiency of arctic rhizobia strains on Vicia L., Hedysarum L., Astragalus L. and Oxytropis DC. in a vegetation experiment. Sel'skokhozyaistvennaya Biologiya [Agricultural Biology], 2025, Vol. 60, № 5, p. 898-910.
(how to cite this article)

doi: 10.15389/agrobiology.2025.5.898eng

UDC: 579.64:579.262:582.736

Acknowledgements:
We express our gratitude to the leadership and coordinators of the expedition «Lena 2021» for organizing and conducting the expedition to the Lena River Delta. We also sincerely thank Sergei Aleksandrovich Pravkin (AARI) for his assistance in collecting and transporting legume seeds. We also thank the staff of Research Station Samoilovsky Island and Fyodor Vissanionovich Selyakhov for providing transportation.
This work was conducted using equipment from the Genomic Technologies, Proteomics, and Cell Biology" Center for Collective Use at the All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Microbiology.
Supported financially by the Russian Science Foundation (RSF Project No. 20-76-10042-P)

 

SYMBIOTIC EFFICIENCY OF ARCTIC RHIZOBIA STRAINS ON Vicia L., Hedysarum L., Astragalus L. AND Oxytropis DC. IN A VEGETATION EXPERIMENT

I.G. Kuznetsova✉, P.V. Guro, А.L. Sazanova, E.A. Sekste, O.S. Yuzikhin, N.Yu. Tikhomirova, А.А. Belimov, V.I. Safronova, D.S. Karlov

All-Russian Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, 3, sh. Podbel’skogo, St. Petersburg, 196608 Russia, e-mail ig.kuznetsova@arriam.ru (✉ corresponding author), guro.pv@arriam.ru, al.sazanova@arriam.ru, sekste_edgar@mail.ru, os.yuzikhin@arriam.ru, ny.tikhomirova@arriam.ru, belimov@arriam.ru, vi.safronova@arriam.ru, ds.karlov@arriam.ru

ORCID:

Kuznetsova I.G. orcid.org/0000-0003-0260-7677
Tikhomirova N.Yu. orcid.org/0000-0001-8530-6698
Guro P.V. orcid.org/0000-0001-5754-6926
Belimov A.A. orcid.org/0000-0002-9936-8678
Sazanova A.L. orcid.org/0000-0002-4808-320X
Safronova V.I. orcid.org/0000-0003-4510-1772
Sekste E.A. orcid.org/0000-0002-9753-8303
Karlov D.S. orcid.org/0000-0002-9030-8820
Yuzikhin O.S. orcid.org/0000-0002-1818-9230

Final revision received February 25, 2025
Accepted April 24, 2025

Plant-microbe relationships, and in particular the legume-rhizobia symbiosis, play a key role in the development of agriculture. This role is of particular importance for the development of sustainable agriculture in the Arctic regions of Russia under extreme soil and climatic conditions. The study of the taxonomic diversity of Arctic rhizobia and their symbiotic activity with different legume species allows us to determine the host specificity of strains and to identify the most effective nitrogen fixers adapted to northern conditions. In this work, for the first time, under the conditions of pot experiments, the symbiotic efficiency of the arctic strains Rhizobium beringeri P8/5-2, Rhizobium sp. 20-1/1, Mesorhizobium norvegicum 20/1-4 and Mesorhizobium sp. 9-4/1 and 25-2/1 on the nodule forage plants Vicia sativa and V. cracca, as well as on the wild legumes Hedysarum arcticum, Astragalus frigidus and Oxytropis adamsiana is demonstrated. The aim of the work was to investigate the ability of arctic rhizobial strains Rhizobium and Mesorhizobium of the order Hyphomicrobiales to form nitrogen-fixing symbioses with forage plants (V. sativa and V. cracca) and wild Arctic legumes H. arcticum, A. frigidus and O. adamsiana under the conditions of a pot experiment on cross-nodulation. The work was carried out in FSBSI ARRIAM in 2024. Seeds of wild populations of the legumes V. cracca, H. arcticum, O. adamsiana and A. frigidus were collected during a Russian-German expedition to the Lena River Delta (Arctic zone of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)) in 2021. Seeds of fodder V. sativa Priobskaya 25 were purchased from Aelita agricultural company (RF). Arctic strains R. beringeri strains P8/5-2 (RCAM06326), Rhizobium sp. 20-1/1 (RCAM05664), M. norvegicum 20/1-4 (RCAM05519), Mesorhizobium sp. 9-4/1 (RCAM06350) and 25-2/1 (RCAM06353) were provided by the Network Bioresource Collection in the Field of Genetic Technologies for Agriculture (FSBSI ARRIAM, St. Petersburg). They were isolated from nodules of the arctic legumes Lathyrus pratensis, V. cracca, H. arcticum, A. frigidus, and O. taimyrensis. V. sativa and V. cracca plants were grown in 2-liter plastic containers containing 2 kg of sterile sand. H. arcticum, O. adamsiana, and A. frigidus plants were grown in 200-ml plastic beakers containing 300 g of sterile sand. Containers with 7-8 seedlings and beakers with 3 seedlings were inoculated with suspensions of individual strains at a rate of 106 cells per vessel. The commercial strain R. leguminosarum bv. viciae RCAM0626 served as a positive control for Vicia. Uninoculated plants were used as a negative control. Plants were grown in a climate chamber MLR-352H (PHCbi, Japan). After cultivation, the fresh biomass of the shoots and roots was weighed, and the number of formed nodules was counted. The nitrogen-fixing activity of the nodules was determined by the acetylene method using a GC-2014 gas chromatograph (Shimadzu, Japan). The ability of the R. beringeri P8/5-2 strain to form an effective symbiosis with the forage legumes V. sativa and V. cracca was demonstrated. After inoculation with the wild arctic species A. frigidus, O. adamsiana, and H. arcticum, despite the absence of nodules, this strain resulted in significantly higher total fresh mass values ​​of plants compared to the negative control. The M. norvegicum strain 20/1-4 formed an effective symbiosis with H. arcticum, O. adamsiana, and A. frigidus, but after inoculation of these legume species with the strain Mesorhizobium sp., the symbiosis was most effective. Thus, the increase in the total plant weight of A. frigidus ranged from 13 to 37 %, O. adamsiana from 32 to 174 %, while H. arcticum from 48 to 72 % compared to the other variants. When the host plant V. cracca was inoculated with the Rhizobium sp. strain, the symbiosis was effective, showing higher values ​​of total biomass (the increase was 39 %), the number of nodules, and nitrogen-fixing activity compared to the commercial strain R. leguminosarum bv. viciae RCAM0626. Thus, the Arctic strains Rhizobium sp. 20-1/1 and Mesorhizobium sp. 9-4/1 are promising for further testing under field conditions to create highly effective microbial preparations for use in the northern regions of Russia in the cultivation of the forage legume V. cracca and wild pasture legumes of the genera Hedysarum, Oxytropis and Astragalus as components of highly productive perennial pasture and hay sown meadows.

Keywords: Arctic region, Vicia, Astragalus, Hedysarum, Oxytropis, legume-rhizobium symbiosis, nitrogen-fixing nodule bacteria.  

 

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