doi: 10.15389/agrobiology.2018.6.1152eng

UDC 636.294:575.174:575.113:577.2.08:51-76

Acknowledgements:
The equipment of the Sharing Center for Farm Animal Bioresources and Bioengineering (FSC for Animal Husbandry) was used.
Supported financially by Russian Science Foundation, project 16-16-10068

 

GENETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF REGIONAL POPULATIONS
OF NENETS REINDEER BREED (Rangifer tarandus)

T.E. Deniskova1, V.R. Kharzinova1, A.V. Dotsev1, À.D. Solov'eva1,
Ò.Ì. Romanenko2, À.À. Yuzhakov3, Ê.À. Layshev3, G. Brem1, 4,
N.A. Zinovieva1

1Ernst Federal Science Center for Animal Husbandry,60, pos. Dubrovitsy, Podolsk District, Moscow Province, 142132 Russia, e-mail horarka@yandex.ru, veronika0784@mail.ru (✉ corresponding author), asnd@mail.ru, anastastasiya93@mail.ru, n_zinovieva@mail.ru
2Naryan-Mar Agricultural Experimental Station, 1a, ul. Rybnikova, Naryan-Mar, Nenets Autonomous District, 166004 Russia, e-mail nmshos@atnet.ru;
3North-West Center of Interdisciplinary Food Research, 7, sh. Podbelskogo, St. Petersburg—Pushkin, 196608 Russia, e-mail alyuzhakov@yandex.ru, layshev@mail.ru;
4Institut für Tierzucht und Genetik, University of Veterinary Medicine (VMU), Veterinärplatz, A-1210, Vienna, Austria, e-mail gottfried.brem@agrobiogen.de;

ORCID:
Deniskova T.E. orcid.org/0000-0002-5809-1262
Kharzinova V.R. orcid.org/0000-0002-8067-0404
Dotsev A.V. orcid.org/0000-0003-3418-2511
Solov'eva À.D. orcid.org/0000-0002-1437-2521
Romanenko Ò.Ì. orcid.org/0000-0002-5572-5995
Yuzhakov À.À. orcid.org/0000-0002-0633-4074
Layshev Ê.À. orcid.org/0000-0003-2490-6942
Brem G. orcid.org/0000-0002-7522-0708
Zinovieva N.A. orcid.org/0000-0003-4017-6863
The authors declare no conflict of interests

Received September 17, 2018

 

Nenets breed is the most numerous indigenous breed of domestic reindeer (Rangifer tarandus). Due to their biological versatility, the breed’s representatives easily adapt to new pastures. The breeding zone covers the territory from the Kola Peninsula in the west to Taimyr in the east. However, there is still no information on the genetic structure of the Nenets domestic reindeer breed. This paper is the first to present data on STR markers of reindeer of the Nenets breed from the Russian regional populations, the breeding zone of which almost completely covers the current range of the breed. The aim of our work was to characterize the allele pool of domestic reindeer of the Nenets breed, which originate from different regional populations. The sample included 787 specimens from 15 Nenets populations collected in Nenets (KAN, ILB, IND, TAB, HRP, PIL, IZH, SEV) and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Districts, the Komi Republic (INT), Murmansk (MUR) and Arkhangelsk (ARH) regions, as well as from the Taimyr municipal district (TUH, DUD). Polymorphism in 14 STR markers, including NVHRT21, NVHRT24, NVHRT76, RT1, RT6, RT7, RT9, RT27, RT30, RT25, RT13, NV03, RT5 and NV73, was studied with the genetic analyzer ABI3130xl. Data processing was performed using software GenAIEx 6.501, GENETIX 4.05 and R package “diveRsity”. The Neighbor Net graph based on pairwise values of Nei’s genetic distances was created with SplitsTree 4.14.5 software. In the studied populations, the average number of alleles per locus (Na) ranges from 9.71 in INT to 6.07 in DUD. The effective number of alleles (Ne) is minimal in the groups DUD and KAN (Ne≤3.63) and the maximum in PIL, IZN, INT, SEV, and MUR (Ne≥4.55). The number of informative alleles increases from 4.42 in KAN to 5.57 in INT and TAB. Private alleles are found in the INT, MUR, TAB, and TUH groups. In 14 populations, observed heterozygosity (Ho) varies from 0.604 (DUD) to 0.693 (TAB) and 0.695 (IZM). The allelic richness (Ar) ranges from 5.727 in KAN to 7.070 in INT. A heterozygote deficiency was detected in all populations under study. The analysis of Neighbor Net graph showed that the populations of NAO (except KAN) are clustered together with the groups SEY, INT and ARH, the grazing and migratory areas of which are located in the NAO. The Taimyr groups DUD and TUH are separated from the other populations of the Nenets reindeer. The KAN differs from the other populations of the NAO territory, with Fst from 0.058 between KAN and IND to 0.083 between KAN and INT, which is indirectly indicated by the lowest level of genetic diversity (Ho = 0.539; Ar = 5.727). Thus, our present study provides the most complete data on the status of the allele pool and level of biodiversity of the Nenets reindeer breed.

Keywords: Nenets breed, Rangifer tarandus, reindeer, STR markers, genetic diversity.

 

Full article (Rus)

Full article (Eng)

 

REFERENCES

  1. Baskin L.M. Severnyi olen'. Upravlenie povedeniem i populyatsiyami. Olenevodstvo. Okhota [Reindeer. Management of behavior and populations. Reindeer breeding. Hunting]. Moscow, 2009 (in Russ.).  
  2. Evstigneev Yu.A. Komi: V knige: Rossiya: korennye narody i zarubezhnye diaspory (kratkii etno-istoricheskii spravochnik) [In: Russia: indigenous peoples and foreign diasporas (a brief ethno-historical guide)]. St. Petersburg, 2008. (in Russ.).  
  3. Yuzhakov A.A., Mukhachev A.D. Etnicheskoe olenevodstvo Zapadnoi Sibiri: nenetskii tip [Ethnic reindeer herding of Western Siberia: Nenets type]. Novosibirsk, 2001 (in Russ.).  
  4. Vasil'ev V.I. Problemy formirovaniya severo-samodiiskikh narodnostei [Formation of the North-Samody peoples]. Moscow, 1979 (in Russ.).  
  5. Yuzhakov A.A. Biosfernoe khozyaistvo: teoriya i praktika, 2017, 2(3): 33-39 (in Russ.).  
  6. Kvashnin Yu.N. Nenetskoe olenevodstvo v XX-nachale XXI veka [Nenets reindeer breeding in the 20th and early 21st century]. Salekhard-Tyumen', 2009 (in Russ.).  
  7. Yuzhakov A.A. Nenetskaya aborigennaya poroda severnykh olenei. Avtoreferat doktorskoi dissertatsii [Nenets aboriginal reindeer breed. DSc. Thesis]. Novosibirsk, 2004 (in Russ.).  
  8. Zapolyarnyi vestnik, 2015 Available http://www.norilsk-zv.ru/articles/plemennoe_delo_vozrozhdenie.html. No date (in Russ.).  
  9. Yuzhakov A.A., Romanenko T.M., Laishev K.A. Izvestiya Sankt-Peterburgskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta, 2017, 2(47): 115-122 (in Russ.).   
  10. McDevitt A.D., Mariani S., Hebblewhite M., DeCesare N.J., Morgantini L., Seip D., Weckworth B.V., Musiani M. Survival in the Rockies of an endangered hybrid swarm from diverged caribou (Rangifer tarandus) lineages. Mol. Ecol., 2009, 18(4): 665-679 CrossRef
  11. Kushny J., Coffin J., Strobeck C. Genetic survey of caribou populations using microsatellite DNA. Rangifer, 1996, 16(Special Issue No. 9): 351-354 CrossRef
  12. Baranova A.I., Kholodova M.V., Sipko T.P. Materialy Vserossiiskoi nauchnoi konferentsii, posvyashchennoi 70-letnemu yubileyu kafedry «Zoologiya i ekologiya» Penzenskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta i pamyati professora V.P. Denisova (1932-1997) [Proc. Conf., dedicated to the 70th anniversary of the Zoology and Ecology  Department of Penza State University and to the memory of Professor V.P. Denisov]. Penza, 2016: 21 (in Russ.).  
  13. Volkova V.V., Deniskova T.E., Kostyunina O.V., Dobrynina T.I., Zinov'eva N.A. Genetika i razvedenie zhivotnykh, 2018, 1: 3-10 (in Russ.).  
  14. Deniskova T.E., Kostyunina O.V., Solov'eva A.D., Zinov'eva N.A. Agrarnaya nauka Evro-Severo-Vostoka, 2018, 3(64): 75-80 (in Russ.).   
  15. Kharzinova V.R., Gladyr' E.A., Fedorov V.I., Romanenko T.M., Shimit L.D., Laishev K.A., Kalashnikova L.A., Zinov'eva N.A. Razrabotka mul'tipleksnoi paneli mikrosatellitov dlya otsenki dostovernosti proiskhozhdeniya i stepeni differentsiatsii populyatsii severnogo olenya Rangifer tarandus. Sel’skokhozyaistvennaya Biologiya [Agricultural Biology], 2015, 50(6): 756-765 CrossRef
  16. Peakall R., Smouse P.E. GenAlEx 6.5: genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research-an update. Bioinformatics, 2012, 28(19): 2537-2539 CrossRef
  17. Keenan K., McGinnity P., Cross T.F., Crozier W.W., Prodohl P.A. diveRsity: An R package for the estimation of population genetics parameters and their associated errors. Methods Ecol. Evol., 2013, 4(8): 782-788 CrossRef
  18. R Development Core Team. The R Project for Statistical Computing. 2009. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. ISBN 3-900051-07-0. Available https://www.r-project.org. No date.
  19. Nei M. Genetic distance between populations. American Naturalist, 1972, 106: 283-392.
  20. Belkhir K., Borsa P., Chikhi L., Raufaste N., Bonhomme F. GENETIX 4.05, population genetics software for Windows TM. Université de Montpellier II, Montpellier, France, 2004.
  21. Weir B.S., Cockerham C.C. Estimating F-Statistics for the analysis of population structure. Evolution, 1984, 38(6): 1358-1370.
  22. Huson D.H., Bryant D. Application of phylogenetic networks in evolutionary studies. Mol. Biol. Evol., 2006, 23(2): 254-267 CrossRef
  23. maps: Draw Geographical Maps. Available https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=maps. No date.
  24. Wickham H. ggplot2: Elegant graphics for data analysis. Springer-Verlag, NY, 2009.
  25. McLoughlin P.D., Paetkau D., Duda M., Boutin S. Genetic diversity and relatedness of boreal caribou populations in western Canada. Biol. Conserv., 2004, 118(5): 593-598 CrossRef
  26. Courtois R., Bernatchez L., Ouellet J.P., Breton L. Significance of caribou (Rangifer tarandus) ecotypes from a molecular genetics viewpoint. Conserv. Genet., 2003, 4: 393-404 (doi:  10.1023/A:1024033500799).
  27. Colson K.E., Mager K.H., Hundertmark K.J. Reindeer introgression and the population genetics of caribou in southwestern Alaska. J. Hered., 2014, 105(5): 585-596 CrossRef
  28. Mager K.H., Colson K.E., Groves P., Hundertmark K.J. Population structure over a broad spatial scale driven by nonanthropogenic factors in a wide-ranging migratory mammal, Alaskan caribou. Mol. Ecol., 2014, 23(24): 6045-6057 CrossRef
  29. Zhai J.-C., Liu W.-S., Yin Y.-J., Xia Y.-L., Li H.-P. Analysis on genetic diversity of reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) in the Greater Khingan Mountains using microsatellite markers. Zool. Stud., 2017, 56: 11 CrossRef
  30. Cronin M.A., Macneil M.D., Patton J.C. Mitochondrial DNA and microsatellite DNA variation in domestic reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) and relationships with wild caribou (Rangifer tarandus granti, Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus, and Rangifer tarandus caribou). J. Hered., 2006, 97(5): 525-530 CrossRef

back