Sel’skokhozyaistvennaya Biologiya [Agricultural Biology], 2018, Vol. 53, ¹ 5, p. 1070-1079.
(how to cite this article)

doi: 10.15389/agrobiology.2018.5.1070eng

UDC 633.1:632.937.12:632.937.23

 

NATURAL REPRODUCTION OF ENTOMOPHAGES TO RESTORE
BIOCENOTIC REGULATION IN CEREAL CROPS

Zh.A. Shirinyan, M.V. Pushnya, E.Yu. Rodionova, E.G. Snesareva,
V.Ya. Ismailov

All-Russian Research Institute of Biological Plant Protection, Federal Agency of Scientific Organizations, 14, ul. Vavilova, Krasnodar, 350039 Russia, e-mail mar.pushnya2014@yandex.ru (✉ corresponding author), rigaey@gmail.com, greas23@yandex.ru, vlyaism@yandex.ru

ORCID:
Shirinyan Zh.A. orcid.org/0000-0002-7198-2350
Snesareva E.G. orcid.org/0000-0003-4617-3604
Pushnya M.V. orcid.org/0000-0002-7133-9533
Ismailov V.Ya. orcid.org/0000-0002-6713-0059
Rodionova E.Yu. orcid.org/0000-0001-5631-2204
The authors declare no conflict of interests

Received June 5, 2018

 

Recently, plant protection methods based on pest regulation by entomophages, naturally inhabiting the crops or attracted thereto, become more preferable. This relevant approach to agro landscape construction necessitates seeking for ways to activate natural cenotic mechanisms, e.g. via optimized crop rotation, created micro reservoirs of desirable species, botanical diversity of protective forest belts, roadsides and other natural plant communities etc. Telenomines (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidae: Scelionida, Telenominae subfamily), the egg parasites of E. integriceps, are a powerful regulator of sunn pest Eurygaster integriceps Put. abundance. These entomophages are of particular interest worldwide as they are the most numerous not only on bread wheats but also on tilled crops. For a long time, researchers from Russia and other wheat producing countries, where E. integriceps pests pose a threat to crops, were concentrated on the laboratory reproduction of telenomines for field use. However, exploitation of naturally reproduced telenomines has not yet been studied. This paper is the first to report on use of entomophilic fennel strip plots with arranged kairomone-based feeding places as baits for Graphosoma lineatum L., the alternative hosts of telenomines, to further attract and massively reproduce these egg parasites of E. integriceps in field conditions. This technology is based on a long time study (2006-2018) of factors affecting reproduction of telenomines in cereal cenoses. Our data indicate the key role of winter generation of these egg parasites, which reproduce successfully during the second half of the season last year, in the harmful bug control. Additional hosts, the bugs of Pentatomidae family among which the Italian striped bug G. lineatum is the most frequent (7.20±1.20 insects per square meter), provide a significant increase in count of wintering telenomines. Sunflower and soybean agrocenoses with bait strip plots of entomophilic fennel (coriander) are optimal to provide reproduction of telenomines. In the kairomone-based feeding places, telenomines laid their eggs into 52.1±2.2 to 84.9±3.2 % eggs of G. lineatum. Due to use of this technology during 2008-2010, farther use of kairomone-based feeding places for accumulation of telenomines was not needed. Currently, the entomophages actively reproduce due to crop rotations with up to 40 % cultivated plants favorable for Scelionidae species. In experimental wheat crops of All-Russian Research Institute of Biological Plant Protection, in 2011-2017 from 53.1±2.7 äî 88.2±2.0 % eggs of E. integriceps contained eggs of telenomines. This allowed for cancellation of other protective measures against the bug's larvae.

Keywords: phytophagous insects, Eurygaster integriceps Put., sunn pest, Graphosoma lineatum L., shield bugs, entomophages, egg parasites, telenomines, reproduction, natural habitats, spatial patterns, grain crops, tilled crops, kairomone-based feeding places, biocenotic regulation, efficiency.

 

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