Sel’skokhozyaistvennaya Biologiya [Agricultural Biology], 2018, Vol. 53, ¹ 5, p. 958-968.
(how to cite this article)

doi: 10.15389/agrobiology.2018.5.958eng

UDC 633.41:632.4:578.1:58.071

 

EFFECT OF Bacillus subtilis BASED MICRROBIALS ON PHYSIOLOGICAL
AND BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF SUGAR BEET (Beta vulgaris L.)
PLANTS INFECTED WITH Alternaria alternata

O.V. Lastochkina1, 2, L.I. Pusenkova1, R.A. Yuldashev1, 2, E.Yu. Ilyasova1, S. Aliniaeifard3

1Bashkir Research Institute of Agriculture, Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre RAS, Federal Agency for Scientific Organizations, 19, ul. Riharda Zorge, Ufa, 450059 Russia, e-mail oksanaibg@gmail.com (✉ corresponding author);
2Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre RAS, Federal Agency for Scientific Organizations, 71, prosp. Oktyabrya, Ufa, 450054 Russia, e-mail yuldashevra@gmail.com;
3University of Tehran, Aburaihan campus, PC 3391653775 Pakdasht, Tehran, Iran, e-mail aliniaeifard@ut.ac.ir

ORCID:
Lastochkina O.V. orcid.org/0000-0003-3398-1493
Pusenkova L.I. orcid.org/0000-0001-6341-0486
Yuldashev R.A. orcid.org/0000-0001-9033-6867
Ilyasova E.Y. orcid.org/0000-0001-5737-5469
Aliniaeifard S. orcid.org/0000-0001-9572-2839
The authors declare no conflict of interests

Received February 9, 2018

 

Phytopathogenic Alternaria fungi are economically important causative agents of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) leaf diseases which significantly reduce root yield and quality. Promising agents for plant disease biocontrol are Bacillus subtilis based biologicals due to the ability to stimulate plant growth and immunity to many biotic stressors. Starting our experiments, we could not find publications on B. subtilis effects towards physiological parameters of sugar beet plants affected by Alternaria. This paper is the first to report that B. subtilis-based biologicals including novel Bashkirian isolate B. subtilis 10-4 prevent a decrease in leaf photosynthetic activity in sugar beet plants affected by A. alternata, activate hydrolytic enzyme inhibitors, suppress proline production, and increase sugar content in roots. Our objective was to estimate effects of Fitosporin-M, Vitaplan, and endophytic strain B. subtilis10-4 on leaf photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids), leaf area index, activity of hydrolases (proteases and amylases) and their inhibitors, as well as proline and sugar levels in leaves, root level of sucrose, and productivity in healthy plants as compared to those artificially infected with A. alternata. Our results show that Vitaplan, Fitosporin-M and strain B. subtilis 10-4 when used twice increase the concentrations of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids) 1.2-1.9-fold in healthy plants whereas a decrease in photosynthetic activity in A. alternata-infected plants is 1.2-1.5 times lower, the leaf area is 30 % higher and leaf weight increases 1.8-2.9 times compared to the untreated plants. A. alternata infection increased the activity of hydrolases (proteinase, amylase) and suppressed their inhibitors, which indicates the intensive development of the pathogen and a decrease in plant resistance to enzymes produced by pathogen during plant tissue colonization. On contrary, biologicals suppress hydrolases and increase activity of their inhibitors both in infected and healthy leaves, which points out to the induction of protective reactions against A. alternata in plants. Interestingly, B. subtilis 10-4 and Fitosporin-M ensure the maximum activation of protective proteins. Furthermore, biologicals decrease stress-induced accumulation of proline and sugar, the markers of plant resistance to extremal factors in plants, which is in line with protective effect as well. Also, proline and sugar levels slightly elevated in healthy plants treated with the biologicals, which accentuate the role of these substances in induced resistance to A. alternata. Ultimately, larger roots with higher sucrose content confirm the positive effect of the used biologicals among which Fitosporin-M and strain B. subtilis 10-4 provide the maximum effect.

Keywords: Bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic pigments, hydrolases, sugar, proline, sucrose, Alternaria alternata, resistance, productivity, Beta vulgaris L., sugar beet.

 

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