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Vertiprakhov V.G., Grozina A.A., Fisinin V.I. The exocrine pancreatic function in chicken (Gallus gallus L.) fed diets supplemented with different vegetable oils. Sel'skokhozyaistvennaya Biologiya [Agricultural Biology], 2020, Vol. 55, № 4, p. 726-737.
(how to cite this article)

doi: 10.15389/agrobiology.2020.4.726eng

UDC: 636.52/.58:591.132:611.37:57.089.6

Acknowledgements:
Supported financially from a subprogram “Study of adaptation mechanisms of the digestive system of mammals and poultry to diets with various ingredients” of the Program for Basic Research (Resolution of the Presidium RAS No. 132 dated 07/05/2017)

 

THE EXOCRINE PANCREATIC FUNCTION IN CHICKEN(Gallus gallus L.) FED DIETS SUPPLEMENTED WITH DIFFERENT VEGETABLE OILS

V.G. Vertiprakhov, A.A. Grozina, V.I. Fisinin

Federal Scientific Center All-Russian Research and Technological Poultry Institute RAS, 10, ul. Ptitsegradskaya, Sergiev Posad, Moscow Province, 141311 Russia, e-mail Vertiprakhov63@mail.ru (✉ corresponding author), Alena_fisinina@mail.ru, olga@vnitip.ru

ORCID:
Vertiprakhov V.G. orcid.org/0000-0002-3240-7636
Fisinin V.I. orcid.org/0000-0003-0081-6336
Grozina A.A. orcid.org/0000-0001-9654-7710

Received September 19, 2019

The efficiency of different vegetable oils in poultry nutrition is still a matter of interest for the theory and practice; numerous studies in broilers have evidenced that different oils can significantly affect the productive performance and metabolism. However, the mechanism of the influence of different oils on the exocrine pancreatic function is understudied. In our study on fistulated chicken the innovative data are presented for the analysis of the effects of different dietary lipid sources on the secretion and enzymatic activities of pancreatic juice. The study was performed in 2019 on three laying hens (Gallus gallus L., cross Hisex White) with chronic fistulae of main pancreatic duct inserted by the method of Ts.Zh. Batoev (2001). The physiological trials were performed by the method of periods (7-10 days per period): during the control period the basic feed (commercial compound feed for layers PK-1) was supplemented with sunflower oil; during period 1 with soybean oil; during period 2 rapeseed oil; during period 3 flaxseed oil. The pancreatic juice and blood were sampled throughout these periods. The secretion rate of pancreatic juice and enzymatic activities in it (amylase, lipase, total proteases TP, alkaline phosphatase AP) were determined by standard methods. The activities of amylase, lipase, alanine (ALT) and aspartate (AST) transaminases in blood serum were determined on analyzer ChemWell 2900 (T) (Awareness Technology, USA) with corresponding reagent kits by Human GmbH, Germany; the activities of TP and AP and other biochemical indices in blood serum were determined on semi-automatic analyzer Sinnowa BS-3000P (SINNOWA Medical Science & Technology Co., China) with BAPNA as the substrate (TP) and corresponding reagent kits by DIAKON-VET, Russia (AP and all other indices). It was found that the activity of lipase in pancreatic juice can adjust to the dietary oil used. The significantly highest lipase activity was found with unrefined sunflower oil (21345±652.8 μmol·l-1·min-1, p < 0.05), together with the increases in the activity of amylase (9254±440.3 mg·ml-1·min-1, p < 0.05). The increases in lipolitic activity in the first few postprandial minutes (corresponding to complex-reflex phase of regulation of the pancreatic secretion) with sunflower and flaxseed oils evidenced that these oils are the most palatable for chicken while the increase in the activity of lipase in neurohumoral phase of regulation with rapeseed and soybean oils evidenced their higher nutritive value. The strong negative correlation (r = -0.87, p < 0.05) was also found between the activities of TP and AP in the pancreatic juice. The phosphatase-protease index, AP/TP ratio, is proposed as a significant physiological indicator of the adaptation of the digestive tract in poultry to the changes in diet composition. The most affected by oil type blood indices were the activities of TP, lipase, ALT, AST, and concentration of triglycerides. The dynamics of lipase activity in blood serum was similar to that in the pancreatic juice; the AP/TP ratio in serum was partially close to the values of this ratio in the pancreatic juice. The changes found in the exocrine pancreatic function in response to different dietary oils evidenced that the studies on the digestion should be continued for further optimization of the composition of commercial diets for poultry.  

Keywords: exocrine pancreatic function, chickens, digestive enzymes in blood, sunflower oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, flaxseed oil.

 

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