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Sel’skokhozyaistvennaya Biologiya [Agricultural Biology], 2019, Vol. 54, № 4, p. 767-776.
(how to cite this article)

doi: 10.15389/agrobiology.2019.4.767eng

UDC: 636.92:619:591.1:616-092.9

 

DYNAMICS OF OXIDATIVE STATE INDICATORS IN RABBITS (Oryctolagus cuniculus L.) UNDER SIMULATED TECHNOLOGICAL STRESS AND ITS PHARMACOLOGICAL CORRECTION

I.V. Kireev, V.A. Orobets, Т.S. Denisenko, D.A. Zinchenko

Stavropol State Agrarian University, 12, per. Zootechnicheskii, Stavropol,355017 Russia, e-mail kireev-iv@mail.ru (✉ corresponding author), orobets@yandex.ru, chernova_ts@mail.ru, zinchenko444@mail

ORCID:
Kireev I.V. orcid.org/0000-0003-0723-4515
Denisenko Т.S. orcid.org/0000-0002-6185-9199
Orobets V.A. orcid.org/0000-0002-4774-263X
Zinchenko D.A. orcid.org/0000-0001-8674-5449

Received August 6, 2018

 

Stress is the most important livestock problem, causing great damage to the industry. The emergence of technological stress contributes to a large number of factors, from transportation to conditions of keeping and feeding. The development of pathological processes under stress intensifies free radical processes in the body, with the excessive formation of free radicals. Therefore, there is a need in drugs based on substances with high antioxidant activity to pharmacologically correct technological stress in farm animals. In our experiment, we simulated conditions of technological stress in Soviet chinchilla rabbits aged 6-7 months by immobilization. Antioxidant and anti-stress drugs developed at Stavropol State Agrarian University were used as agents. Group 1 of animals was control. Rabbits of group 2 received Drug to correct stress in farm animals (Patent RU 2428992 of 09.20.11), group 3 received Mebisel (Patent RU 2418579 of 05.20.11), these drugs have a pronounced anti-stress effect; group 4 received Antioxidant preparation for animals (Patent RU 2435572 of 12.10.11) and group 5 received Polyoxidol (Patent RU 2538666 of 01.10.15), the antioxidants. Blood levels of cortisol, thyroxine, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection were assessed. It was shown that immobilization of experimental animals provokes a significant production of cortisol (5,8 times higher) and a decrease in the thyroxine level up to 60,9 % (p ≤ 0,01), the blood concentration of diene conjugates increases 2.6 times (p ≤ 0,01), malondialdehyde by 55,8 % (p ≤ 0,01) and fluorescent Schiff bases 2,2 times (p ≤ 0,01). The restricted mobility adversely affectes the activity of antioxidative defence enzymes, with a significant decrease in glutathione peroxidase activity (by 35.2 %), superoxide dismutase (by 36.4 %), catalase (by 40.7 %) (p ≤ 0.01) and the content of reduced glutathione (by 33.3 %, p ≤ 0.01). Administration of antioxidant and antistress preparations contributes to the normalization of the studied parameters in experimental animals, the values of which during the experiment were statistically significantly different from the data recorded in the control group. In the dynamics of activity of antioxidant enzymes and products of lipid peroxidation, there were significant differences between the indices of animals from the control group and rabbits which received preventive agents. The animals of the control group showed a progressive increase in the concentration of lipoperoxides and a decrease in the activity of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and reduced glutathione. The use of antioxidant and antistress drugs three days before immobilization contributed to the optimization of these indicators. The applied prevention regimens allowed reduction of negative impact of stress, which resulted in statistically significant differences in the numerical values of the results of the laboratory blood test of animals from the groups 2, 3, 4 and 5 conoared to the control. At the end of the experiment glutathione peroxidase was 48.2-107.4 % higher (p ≤ 0.01), superoxide dismutase 31.1-85.9 % higher (p ≤ 0.01), catalase 12.9-40.1 % higher (p ≤ 0.05 in groups III, IV and V), while glutathione was 34.8-60.8 % lower (p ≤ 0.01), thyroxine 27.2-82.7 % lower (p ≤ 0.05). The cortisol level declined by 83.5-207.0 % (p ≤ 0.01), diene conjugates by 37.2-84.3 % (p £ 0.01), malondialdehyde by 26.1-46.9 % (p ≤ 0.05), and fluorescent Schiff bases by 22.03-118.1 % (p ≤ 0.05). The use of drugs accelerates post-stress adaptation, which was expressed in an increase in the average daily weight gain of rabbits from experimental groups, i.e. 28 g for group 2, 34 g for group 3, 36 g for group 4, and 38 g for group 5 compared to 24 g for the control group. Our results on the stress-born hormone dynamics are indicative of significant changes in the antioxidant defense system functioning and lipid peroxidation. These data allow us to recommend the developed tranquilizers and antioxidants for physiological correction of technological stresses in animals.

Keywords: Oryctolagus cuniculus L., rabbits, technological stress, immobilization, antistress agent, antioxidant preparation, antioxidant system, lipid peroxidation, hormones, enzymes.

 

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