doi: 10.15389/agrobiology.2018.4.799eng
UDC 636.5:636.086.78
Acknowledgements:
Samples were analyzed in the Shared Use Center FRC BSAT RAS (Ros.RU ¹ 000121 PF59 of 12.10.15) and in testing laboratory of the Center for Biotic Medicine NPO (Registration Certificate of ISO 9001: 2000, Number 4017-5.04.06).
ADDITION OF Quercus cortex EXTRACT TO BROILER DIET CHANGES
SLAUGHTER INDICATORS AND BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION
OF MUSCLE TISSUE
V.A. Bagirov1, G.K. Duskaev2, N.M. Kazachkova2, Sh.G. Rakhmatullin2, E.V. Yausheva2, D.B. Kosyan2, Sh.A. Makaev2, Kh.B. Dusaeva3
1Ernst Federal Science Center for Animal Husbandry,Federal Agency of Scientific Organizations, 60, pos. Dubrovitsy, Podolsk District, Moscow Province, 142132 Russia, e-mail vugarbagirov@mail.ru;
2Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies RAS, Federal Agency of Scientific Organizations, 29, ul. 9 Yanvarya, Orenburg, 460000 Russia, e-mail gduskaev@mail.ru (✉ corresponding author), vniims.or@mail.ru, vasilena56@mail.ru, shahm2005@rambler.ru, kosyan.diana@mail.ru;
3Orenburg State University, 13, prosp. Pobedy, Orenburg, 460018 Russia, e-mail albordusaeva@mail.ru
ORCID:
Bagirov V.A. orcid.org/0000-0001-5398-8815
Yausheva E.V. orcid.org/0000-0002-1589-2211
Duskaev G.K. orcid.org/0000-0002-9015-8367
Kosyan D.B. orcid.org/0000-0002-2621-108X
Kazachkova N.M. orcid.org/0000-0002-0871-736X
Makaev Sh.A. orcid.org/0000-0001-5836-0330
Rakhmatullin Sh.G. orcid.org/0000-0003-0143-9499
Dusaeva Kh.B. orcid.org/0000-0001-9176-0694
Received February 17, 2018
Following world trends in feeding farm animals, it should be noted an increasing interest in polyphenolic substances derived from plant extracts. Recent studies indicate the ability of these substances to stimulate growth of animals and poultry, to reduce the risk of diseases and to improve consumer properties of products. This paper is the first our report to show that dietary Quercus cortex extract, when used separately or in combination with amylolytic and cellulolytic enzymes, promotes slaughter indices of Smena 8 cross broilers and can change meat composition on fatty acids and some microelements. For the experiment, 7-day chicken broilers were divided by analogs’ method into 4 groups (n = 30, a total of 120 birds). Control group received main diet, Quercus cortex extract was added to the diets of groups I and II (2.5 ml/kg LW), group II and group III were also fed with an enzymatic preparation containing glucoamylase and concomitant cellulolytic enzymes (5 g/10 kg of feed). Dietary Quercus cortex extract led to an increase in pre-slaughter weight by 4.4-16.6 % over the entire experiment as compared to the control broilers, and caused changes in small intestine microbiota. The counts of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes phyla were 5.1 % and 4.0 % higher, respectively, while Proteobacteria counts decreased by 3.2 %. Enzyme supplement increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria phyla by 7.3 %, 6.5 % and 5.8 %, and combination of the enzyme preparation with the extract of oak bark increased the counts of Actinobacteria phyla by 9.0 %. In group II, the dry matter content in pectoral muscle was 1.29 % higher (P ≤ 0.05) and crude fat was 1.35 % higher (P ≤ 0.05), in group I and group III these values increased by 0.76 and 0.87 %, and by 0.08 and 0.33 %, respectively. The total concentration of unsaturated fatty acids was almost at the same level, and some peculiarities have been identified for only certain acids. The most obvious one was a deñline in monounsaturated myristoleinic acid level in the experimental groups (P ≤ 0.05) while the level of palmitoleic acid was rising (P ≤ 0.05). In group I, the concentration of linolenic acid was higher (P ≤ 0.05) compared to that in all test groups and the control group. The total concentration of saturated fatty acids in muscle samples of control and test groups also remained practically unchanged and leveled due to long-chain fatty acids which content in the test groups increased vs. a decrease in myristic acid level (P ≤ 0.05). As a result of Quercus cortex extract supplement, a significant increase in magnesium level (P ≤ 0.05) was found in group I. In all test groups, we observed a decrease in the level of calcium (P ≤ 0.05) and iron, zinc, copper, cobalt and iodine, the trace elements (P ≤ 0.05), in the broilers’ muscle tissue as compared to the control group. Thus, the dietary Quercus cortex extract contributes to the increase in slaughter indices of broilers, can change fatty acid and elemental profile of muscle tissue and influences the microbiome of small intestine.
Keywords: Quercus cortex extract, broilers, muscle tissue, chemical composition, fatty acids, bioelements.
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