PLANT BIOLOGY
ANIMAL BIOLOGY
SUBSCRIPTION
E-SUBSCRIPTION
 
MAP
MAIN PAGE

 

 

 

 

Danilova T.N., Tabynbaeva L.K. The formation of productivity of grain crops with intro- ducing hydrogels under model soil drought and in field conditions. Sel'skokhozyaistvennaya Biologiya [Agricultural Biology], 2022, Vol. 57, № 3, p. 460-475.
(how to cite this article)

doi: 10.15389/agrobiology.2022.3.460eng

UDC: 633.1:631.559:631.671.1

Acknowledgements:
The research was funded under the budget program 267 of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan (BR10764907 “Development of technologies for organic agriculture for growing crops, taking into account the specifics of the regions, digitalization and export”).

 

THE FORMATION OF PRODUCTIVITY OF GRAIN CROPS WITH INTRODUCING HYDROGELS UNDER MODEL SOIL DROUGHT AND IN FIELD CONDITIONS

T.N. Danilova1 ✉, L.K. Tabynbaeva2

1Agrophysical Research Institute, 14, Grazhdanskii prosp., St. Petersburg, 195220 Russia, e-mail danilovatn@yandex.ru (✉ corresponding author);
2.LLP Kazakh Scientific Research Institute of Arable Farming and Horticulture, 1, st. Erlepesov, Almaty Province, Karasay Region, Almalybak, 040909 Republic of Kazakhstan, e-mail tabynbaeva.lyalya@mail.ru

ORCID:
Danilova T.N. orcid.org/0000-0001-6926-6155
Tabynbayeva L.K. orcid.org/0000-0001-9721-6737

Received April 4, 2022

The use of water-absorbing hydrogels capable to regulate the soil water regime allows for a significant increase in crop production in arid and semi-arid climatic zones. Polyacrylamide and poly-acrylonitrile hydrogels cyclically (over several years) absorb and release moisture, so they are most effective in agriculture. This paper shows that three polymer gels of different origin have similar effect on the yield structure and productivity of grain crops compared under controlled soil drought and in field tests. Domestic gels had the greatest effect on the 1000-grain weight. The type of hydrogel (either sodium or potassium base) did not significantly influenced the yield structure parameters. This work aimed to evaluate grain crops’ productivity and yield structure as affected by polymer gels V-415 K and Ritin-10 (Russia) under simulated soil drought compared to the polymer Aquasorb (France) under field conditions of a zone of insufficient moisture. Microfield trials were performed on spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cv. Leningradsky in 2015, spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. Daria in 2016 and spring barley cv. Ataman using bottomless pots (Agrophysical Institute, Menkovsky branch, Leningrad Province) using pots without a bottom with an area of 0.075 m2 and a volume of 0.0025 m3. The pots were filled with sod-podzolic sandy loamy soil according to the soil horizons’ order. The treatments were a control (N90P90K90); N90P90K90 + Ritin-10 at 10-12 cm depth; N90P90K90 + V-415 K at 10-12 cm depth; N90P90K90 + Ritin-10 at 20-22 cm depth; N90P90K90 + V-415 K at 20-22 cm depth. The dose of each hydrogel was 4 g/m2, the seeding rate was 50 pcs/pot. Soil moisture in the pots was measured twice a week to calculate necessary watering rate. The effect of soil drought (55-60 % water holding capacity) was assessed from the tillering phase to full ripeness. The productivity of winter wheat (T. aestivum) cv. Steklovidnaya 24 as influenced by polymer gel Aquasorb (SNF s.a.s., France) was studied in the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2015-2017 (experimental fields of the Kazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Plant Growing). Two doses of the absorbent (20 and 40 kg/ha) and their combination with nitrogen supplementation (N45) were tested. The total number of plants per pot (per 1 m2 in field trials), the number of productive plants, and productive bushiness coefficient, the ear length, the number of grains per ear, the grain mass per ear, and the 1000-grain weight were determined. The grain yield under a controlled “drought” when the hydrogels were introduced into the root layer (10-12 cm) differed slightly from the control (an increase by only 3-4 %). For the 20-22 cm depth, the yield exceeded the control by 25.0-27.7 % (р < 0.01). The hydrogels significantly influenced the yield structure parameters for productive bushiness coefficient, the number of grains per ear and the 1000-grain weight. With Ritin-10 hydrogel, the yield inversely correlated with the number of productive stems (r = -0.83), the number of grains per ear (r = -0.78) and the grain weight per ear (r = -0.78). With B-415 K, the correlation coefficients showed a close relationship between yield and tillering (r = 0.70), with the grain mass per ear (r = 0.74) and with the 1000-grain weight (r = 0.71). Under the simulated soil drought, the hydrogels had the greatest impact on the 1000-grain weight. Under field conditions of Kazakhstan, the yield of winter wheat largely depended on weather conditions. In a dry 2015, the hydrogel at a dose of 40 kg/ha with nitrogen fertilizers increased the crop yield by 6.6 c/ha compared to the control. The hydrogel together with nitrogen fertilizers also significantly (p < 0.05) increased the crop yield in a moderately wet 2016; in a wet 2017, the grain yield increased significantly (p < 0.01), up to 16.4-23.8% depending on the dose of the hydrogel. Aqusorb gel significantly affected all elements of yield structure. In the semi-arid period, when 20 kg/ha of Aquasorb hydrogel was applied, there was an inverse correlation between the yield and the grain mass per ear (r = -0.99) and the 1000-grain weight (r = -0.98). For a dosage of 40 kg/ha, there was a close correlation with the number of grains per ear (r = -0.99) and the grain mass per ear (r = -0.87). Wheat yield also had a close inverse relationship with the number of grains per ear (r = -0.83) when Aquasorb (20 or 40 kg/ha) was used with nitrogen fertilizers. In humid and moderately humid years, the dependence of yield on yield structure indicators is also strong (r = 0.84-0.99). Thus, the hydrogel introduced into the 10-12 cm soil layer dries out without watering and does not act as a water-retaining soil additive. A significant increase in the grain yield can be obtained by laying polymer gels to a depth of 20-22 cm after water-charging irrigation of the arable layer. In field conditions, during dry growing seasons, it is necessary to apply a high dose of hydrogel (40 kg/ha) in combination with nitrogen fertilizers. In moderately humid and humid growing seasons, a dose of 20 kg/ha is sufficient in combination with nitrogen fertilization.

Keywords: polymer gel, soil drought, water stress, barley, spring wheat, winter wheat, yield.

 

REFERENCES

  1. Li X., He J.-Z., Hughes J.M., Liu Y.-R., Zheng Y.-M. Effects of super-absorbent polymers on a soil-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) system in the field. Applied Soil Ecology, 2014, 73: 58-63 CrossRef
  2. Godunova E.I., Gundyrin V.N. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK, 2015, 29(5): 57-59 (in Russ.).
  3. Danilova T.N. Agrofizika, 2018, 1: 1-9 CrossRef (in Russ.).
  4. Smagin A.V., Sadovnikova N.B. Vliyanie sil’nonabukhayushchikh polimernykh gidrogeley na fizicheskoe sostoyanie pochv legkogo granulometricheskogo sostava [Influence of highly swellable polymer hydrogels on the physical condition of light particle size composition soils]. Moscow, 2009 (in Russ.).
  5. Sadovnikova N.B., Smagin A.V. Еkologicheskiy vestnik Severnogo Kavkaza, 2012, 8(3): 5-30 (in Russ.).
  6. Gilbert S., Peter S., Wilson Ng., Edward M., Francis M., Sylvester K., Erick B. Effects of hydrogels on soil moisture and growth of Cajanus cajan in semi arid zone of Kongelai, West Pokot county. Open Journal of Forestry, 2014, 4(1): 34-37 CrossRef
  7. Danilova T.N., Tabynbaeva L.K., Kenenbaev S.B., Boyko V.S. Agrofizika, 2018, 2: 1-8 CrossRef (in Russ.).
  8. Tibir’kov A.P., Filin V.I. Izvestiya NVAUK: nauka i vysshee professional’noe obrazovanie, 2012, 3(27): 2-5 (in Russ.).
  9. Montesano F.F., Parente A., Santamaria P., Sannino A., Serio F. Biodegradable superabsorbent hydrogel increases water retention properties of growing media and plant growth. Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia, 2015, 4(451): 451-458 CrossRef
  10. Demitri C., Sole R.D, Scalera F., Sannino A., Vasapollo G., Maffezzoli A., Ambrosio L., Nicolais L. Novel superabsorbent cellulose-based hydrogels crosslinked with citric acid. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2008, 110(4): 2453-2460 CrossRef
  11. Puoci F., Iemma F., Spizzirri U.G., Cirillo G., Curcio M., Picci N. Polymer in agriculture: a review. American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science, 2008, 3(1): 299-314.
  12. Shahid S.A., Qidwai A.A., Anwar F., Ullah I., Rashid U. Improvement in the water retention characteristics of sandy loam soil using a newly synthesized poly (acrylamide-co-acrylic acid)/ AIZnFe2O4 superabsorbent hydrogel nanocomposite material. Molecules, 2012, 17(8): 9397-9412 CrossRef
  13. Milani P., França D., Balieiro A.G., Faez R. Polymers and its applications in agriculture. Polimeros, 2017, 27(03): CrossRef
  14. Hüttermann A.L., Orikiriza L.J.B., Agaba H. Application of superabsorbent polymers for improving the ecological chemistry of degraded or polluted lands. Clean Soil, Air, Water, 2009, 37(7): 517-526 CrossRef
  15. Teodorescu M., Lungu A.M., Stanescu P., Neamţu C. Preparation and properties of novel slow-release NPK agrochemical formulations based on poly (acrylic acid) hydrogels and liquid fertilizers. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2009, 48(14): 6527-6534 CrossRef
  16. Singh A., Sarkar D.J., Singh A.K., Parsad R., Kumar A., Parmar B.S. Studies on novel nanosuperabsorbent composites: Swelling behavior in different environments and effect on water absorption and retention properties of sandy loam soil and soil less medium. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2011, 120(3): 1448-1458 CrossRef
  17. Banedjschafie S., Durner W. Water retention properties of a sandy soil with superabsorbent polymers as affected by aging and water quality. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 2015, 178(5): 798-806 CrossRef
  18. Danilova T.N. Agrofizika, 2020, 3: 17-22 CrossRef (in Russ.).
  19. Liao R., Wu W., Ren S., Yang R. Effects of superabsorbent polymers on the hydraulic parameter and water retention properties of soil. Journal of Nanomaterials, 2016: 5403976 CrossRef
  20. Yang W., Li P., Guo S., Fan B., Song R., Zhang J., Yu J. Compensating effect of fulvic acid and super-absorbent polymer on leaf gas exchange and water use efficiency of maize under moderate water deficit conditions. Plant Growth Regulation, 2017, 83: 351-360 CrossRef
  21. Danilova T.N., Tabynbaeva L.K. Polymer gels to manage water availability for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under various environment conditions. Sel'skokhozyaistvennaya biologiya [Agricultural Biology], 2019, 54(1): 76-83 CrossRef
  22. Ionova E.V. Ustoychivost’ sortov i liniy pshenitsy, yachmenya i sorgo k regional’nomu tipu zasukhi. Doktorskaya dissertatsiya [Resistance of varieties and lines of wheat, barley and sorghum to the regional type of drought. DSc Thesis]. Krasnodar, 2011 (in Russ.).
  23. Ekebafe L.O., Ogbeifun D.E., Okieimen F.E. Polymer application in agriculture. Biokemistri, 2011, 23(2): 81-89.
  24. Cheruiyot G., Sirmah P., Ng’etich W., Mengich E., Mburu F., Kimaiyo S., Bett E. Effects of hydrogels on soil moisture and growth of Cajanus cajan in semi arid zone of Kongelai, West Pokot County. Open Journal of Forestry, 2014, 4(1): 34-37 CrossRef
  25. Khadem S.A., Galavi M., Ramrodi M., Mousavi S.R., Rousta M.J., Moghadam R.P. Effect of animal manure and super absorbent polymer on corn leaf relative water content, cell membrane stability and leaf chlorophyll content under under dry condition. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 2010, 4: 642-647.
  26. Yan L., Shi Y. Effect of drought stress on growth and development in winter wheat with Aquasorb-fertilizer. Advance Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2013, 5(11): 1502-1504 CrossRef
  27. Hayat R., Ali S. Water absorption by synthetic polymer (Aquasorb) and its effect on soil properties and tomato yield. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 2004, 6: 998-1002.
  28. Orikiriza L.J.B., Agaba H., Eilu G., Tweheyo M., Kabasa J.D., Hüttermann A. Amending soils with hydrogels increases the biomass of nine tree species under non-water stress conditions. Clean Soil Air Water, 2009, 37(8): 615-620 CrossRef
  29. Kilic H., Yagbasanlar T. The effect of drought stress on grain yield, yield components and some quality traits of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum) cultivars. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 2010, 38(1): 164-170.
  30. Grabiński J., Wyzińska M. The effect of superabsorbent polymer application on yielding of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L). Agricultural Sciences (Crop Sciences, Animal Sciences), 2018: 55-60 CrossRef
  31. Tabynbayeva L.K., Kenenbayev S.B., Suleimenova M.S., Tinibayev N.K., Boiko V.S. Impact of absorbing agent on moisture reserves of winter wheat in the conditions of semiprovided dry farming land of the South-East of Kazakhstan. On Line Journal of Biological Sciences, 2017, 17(2): 35-39 CrossRef
  32. Tabynbaeva L.K. Vliyanie absorbenta «Akvasorb» na produktivnost’ zernovykh kul’tur v usloviyakh predgorno-stepnoy zony yugo-vostoka Kazakhstana. Doktorskaya dissertatsiya[The influence of the absorbent "Akvasorb" on the productivity of grain crops in the conditions of the foothill-steppe zone of the south-east of Kazakhstan. DSc Thesis]. Almaty, 2018 (in Russ.).
  33. Cannazza G., Cataldo A., De Benedetto E., Demitri C., Madaghiele M., Sannino A. Experimental assessment of the use of a novel superabsorbent polymer (SAP) for the optimization of water consumption in agricultural irrigation process. Water, 2014, 6(7): 2056-2069 CrossRef
  34. Barihi R., Panahpour E., Beni M.H.M. Super absorbent polymer (Hydrogel) and it is application in agriculture. World of Sciences Journal, 2013, 1(15): 223-228.
  35. Dabhi R, Bhatt N., Bipin P. Super absorbent polymers — an innovative water saving technique for optimizing crop yield. International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 2013, 2: 5333-5340.
  36. Saifuldeen A. Salim. Effect of water-retaining agent (Sky Gel) on soil physical properities, growth, yield and water use efficiency of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plant. J. Biol. Chem. Environ. Sci., 2015, 6(1): 1-14.
  37. Moiseev K.G. Goncharov V.D., Zinchuk E.G., Rizhiya E.Ya., Boytsova L.V., Gurin P.D., Startsev A.S., Pishchik V.N. Baza dannykh pochvennogo pokrova Men’kovskogo filiala GNU AFI Rossel’khozakademii (struktura pochvennogo pokrova, geomorfologicheskoe stroenie, fizicheskie i geokhimicheskie svoystva pochv). Svidetel’stvo o registratsii bazy dannykh RU 2013620682. Zayavka №2013620301 ot 22.03.2013 [Soil database of the Menkovsky branch of the AFI RAS (structure, geomorphological structure, physical and geochemical properties of soils). Database registration certificate RU 2013620682. Application No. 2013620301 dated 03/22/2013] (in Russ.).
  38. Danilova T.N. Izvestiya SPb GAU, 2021, 3(64): 31-39 CrossRef (in Russ.).
  39. Dospekhov B.A. Metodika polevogo opyta [Methods of field trials]. Moscow, 1985: 84-88 (in Russ.).

 

back

 


CONTENTS

 

 

Full article PDF (Rus)

Full article PDF (Eng)