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Koshurnikova M.A., Domsky I.A., Berezina Y.A., Economov А.V. Serum chemistry parameters of free-ranging moose (Alces alces Linnaeus, 1758) of different sex and age groups. Sel'skokhozyaistvennaya Biologiya [Agricultural Biology], 2023, Vol. 58, № 2, p. 288-301.
(how to cite this article)

doi: 10.15389/agrobiology.2023.2.288eng

UDC: 639.111.16:612.11/.12

Acknowledgements:
The authors thank the hunting team of the Zhitkov Russian Game Management and Fur Farming Research Institute for help in collecting biomaterials.
Supported financially by the FSR Program of the State Academies of Sciences FSZZ-2019-0001 (AAAA19-119020190132-5)

 

SERUM CHEMISTRY PARAMETERS OF FREE-RANGING MOOSE (Alces alces Linnaeus, 1758) OF DIFFERENT SEX AND AGE GROUPS

M.A. Koshurnikova✉, I.A. Domsky, Y.A. Berezina, А.V. Economov

All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Protection, 3, sh. Podbel’skogo, St. Petersburg, 196608 Russia, e-mail ts-bio@ya.ru (✉ corresponding author), edino4estvo@mail.ru, dol1slav@yahoo.com

ORCID:
Koshurnikova M.A. orcid.org/0000-0003-3638-3712
Domsky I.A. orcid.org/0000-0003-1633-1341
Berezina Y.A. orcid.org/0000-0001-5082-716X
Economov А.V. orcid.org/0000-0002-0242-8954

Final revision received June 10, 2022
Accepted July 17, 2022

Moose (Alces alces, Linnaeus 1758) is a perspective species for game farming, characterized by a high growth rate, as well as a wide potential for economic use for meat and milk production. In Russia and the world, there are few studies of the biochemical parameters of moose blood. (S.A. Becker et al., 2010; A.W. Franzmann et al., 1978; M.A. Keech et al., 1998; V. Reshetnyak et al., 2021; M.K. Rostal et al., 2012). The reference range of biochemical blood parameters is necessary for assessing the physical condition of animals, nutrition quality, habitat, stressors, the impact of infectious and invasive diseases (A.A. Cunningham et al., 1998; P. Daszak et al., 1999; W.F. Frick et al., 2010). The article presents for the first time the biochemical parameters of the blood of moose from different sex and age groups. The goal of the work is to determine the biochemical parameters of blood in moose of different sex and age living in the Kirov region. Whole blood was taken from animals (n = 90) bagged during the hunting seasons of 2006-2020. Samples were collected from October to December in the experimental hunting ground of Zhitkov Russian Game Management and Fur Farming Research Institute (Kirov region). All animals were wild and moved freely, feeding on local vegetation. Whole blood was studied from the following sex and age groups: 20 young females aged 6-7 months; 20 adult females aged 2.5-7 years; 20 young males aged 6-7 months; 30 adult males aged 2.5-7 years. All animals were considered clinically healthy. Blood samples were taken by cutting the jugular vein immediately after the animal was shot. Blood serum studies were performed on a Biochem SA semi-automatic biochemical analyzer (High Technology Inc., USA). The analysis included the determination of the activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AsAT), alanine aminotransferase (AlAT), alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alpha-amylase, total protein, albumin, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, creatinine, urea, cholesterol, glucose. In the blood serum of adult moose, high activity of AsAT was noted (in females and males, respectively, 253.8±52.38 and 250.9±47.52 U/l), alpha-amylase (29.2±7.20 and 32 0±8.77 U/l), creatinine content (183.9±18.59 and 182.1±23.66 mmol/l), urea (6.2±0.82 mmol/l and 5.9±0.87 mmol/l). In young individuals, AsAT (161.2±28.30 and 160.0±30.92 U/l), alpha-amylase (24.6±4.91 and 23.2±5.46 U/l), the content creatinine (152.8±20.32 and 149.1±23.78 mmol/l), urea (2.4±0.63 and 2.6±0.98 mmol/l) were significantly lower. In young animals, on the contrary, high activity of AlAT (60.8±6.42 and 58.7±6.74 U/l), alkaline phosphatase (230.4±40.79 and 222.2±31.14 U/l) /l), LDH (805.2±185.57 and 822.9±237.13 U/l), glucose content (6.3±1.01 and 6.3±1.03 mmol/l). Adult animals were characterized by lower levels of AlAT (43.6±7.35 and 41.9±6.33 U/l), alkaline phosphatase (69.3±12.62 U/l and 69.9±11,31 U/l), LDH (614.1±98.11 U/l and 598.2±129.37 U/l), glucose (5.3±1.02 and 5.3±1.14 mmol/ l). Statistically significant (p < 0.05) differences in the content of total protein in blood serum between adult females (57.4±7.48 g/l) and males (68.1±4.93) were established. In young females, an average correlation was found between the content of total and direct bilirubin (r = 0.57, p = 0.01), in adult females — between the activity of AsAT and alkaline phosphatase (r = 0.50, p = 0.02) and between AsAT and LDH activity (r = 0.66, p = 0.00). A statistically significant (p < 0.05) effect of age on the content of AsAT, AlAT, alkaline phosphatase, LDH, alpha-amylase, direct bilirubin, creatinine, urea and glucose, as well as the sex of animals on the content of total protein was shown. The dependence of the AsAT, AlAT, alkaline phosphatase, LDH, alpha-amylase, total protein, direct bilirubin, creatinine, urea and glucose levels on body weight was revealed. The obtained biochemical parameters of moose blood have a similar trend in most parameters with the results obtained on other artiodactyls in the wild. Differences are due to species of animals, living conditions, nutrition, age, sex, as well as the method used in blood sampling.

Keywords: moose, females, males, age groups, biochemical blood parameters, blood serum.

 

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